Therefore, it is important to consider the type of base oil in the grease when determining compatibility. The grease forms a sealing grease collar against moisture and dirt particles between the opposing body and the base body. The practical lubrication of clocks and watches version 2007. Check for any grease hardeningthickener separation that may block grease application. Part ii will focus on the correct grease for the application and some of the key criteria in the selection process, including compatibility, amount to be added and relubrication frequency. Analyze the dynamic aspects of various characters in the classic 1970s musical grease. An electric motor bearing grease that softens more than that may leak out of the bearing with age. The most common types are simple lithium soaps, lithium complex and polyurea. Shell lubricants shell gadus essential guide to greases. The major criteria in selecting a grease type for the application are the thickener type, base oil viscosity and nlgi grade. It consists of a series of 18 2viscosity brackets between 1. Interlube corporation manufactures a complete line of greases that are used in many applications in many different types of industries.
Sae viscosity grades for engine oils sae j300 dec 99. The lubricating intervals extended in this way are only possible with good precleaning of the lubricating point. How to choose the correct grease popular mechanics. Grease is a mixture consisting of a natural or synthetic oil base combined with thickeners and additives. Reproduced in standards astm d4950 standard classification and. The characteristic feature of greases is that they possess a high initial viscosity, which upon the application of shear, drops to give the effect of an oillubricated bearing of approximately the same viscosity as the base oil used in the grease. Today, over 80% of the worlds bearings are lubricated with grease. Each of these describes a type of grease but there are also many other names and applications. P art i of this article provided a basic introduction to grease, with discussions of composition, types, properties and evaluation tests. H1 lubricants may be used in applications where incidental food contact may potentially occur. Many different types of base oil may be used in the manufacture of a grease, including petroleum naphthenic, paraffinic and synthetic paos, esters, silicones, glycols.
Such incidental contact is limited to a trace amount. Grease was first used by the egyptians on their chariot axles more than 3000 years ago. Synthetic oils are manmade fluids and can be beneficial for use in extreme conditions. Do not use oxyfuel equipment near oil or grease containers. The nlgi has established a scale to indicate grease consistency which ranges from grades 000 semifluid to 6 block grease.
Jul 01, 2009 getting the most from this lubrication workhorse requires a solid understanding of its composition, properties and applications. Classification and characteristics of grease basic. Where relocation is impractible, protect combustibles with. Grease grease is a critical factor in keeping milwaukee products operating at peak efficiency. In order to help the layman understand them, weve included a chart here that compares nlgi grades to something everyone can relate to food. Simple lithium soaps are often used in lowcost generalpurpose greases and perform relatively well in most performance categories at moderate temperatures.
Grease penetration is a measurement of the depth at which a calibrated metal cone will penetrate into the surface of grease when dropped form a standard height. The above formula produces a dn of 300,000 so the grease should be rated above this figure. Teach an engaging film as literature lesson with this unique visual writing activity. Different types and combinations of base fluids and thickeners, along with supplemental structure modifiers and performance additives, combine to give the final product its special lubricating properties. Specific types of applications require grease with specific features. What does it mean when your grease has an nlgi grade 00. Keep oil, grease and combustible dust away from all oxygen equipment. For example, the term car grease is very common and it can refer to different types of greases in general. Getting the most from this lubrication workhorse requires a solid understanding of its composition, properties and applications. Lubricant selection skf has developed several tools in order to facilitate the selection of the most suitable lubricant. Grease was designed to be used in many environments that differ one from another.
Jul 15, 2016 knowledge of the difference between ap grease, mp grease and ep grease can make or break your greaseable lubrication efforts. Visually check new grease containers and contents when they are opened. If the grease thickeners are compatible, but the base oils are not, the resulting mixture can be problematic and a poor performer. It can easily be sterilised before use to remove any particles of fibre or fluff by passing it through a flame. Grease compatibility with some exceptions, greases with different types of thickeners should be considered incompatible with each other.
Many modern greases are suitable for high speeds with some rated at 1. The most common nlgi grade is two and is recommended for most applications. Just as with motor oils and transmission fluids, the viscosity of the base oil is the most significant property. Grease is categorized into different grades by the national lubricating grease institute scale based on a greases penetration test result. A more complex structure can be formed by using a complexing salt. These classifications distinguish different types of foodgrade lubricants by what they maymay not contain and how they may be used. Interlube manufactures mineral oil based and synthetic greases with a wide variety of oil viscosities, soap bases, and nlgi grades that are formulated to meet any specific application. Shell gadus kiln seal grease is a premium grade lithium complex based sealant formulated specifically for the mineral sands industry. Check out all the chemical products available on napa online or trust one of our 17,000 napa autocare locations for routine maintenance and repairs.
Where practicable, relocate all combustibles at least 35 feet horizontally from the work site. A accessories for lubrication grease lubrication greasing intervals vary depending on the usage environment and conditions. The difference between ap grease, mp grease and ep grease. Lubes made from vegetable oils are called biolubricants. Numerous types of grease thickeners are currently in use, each with its own pros and cons. Finding the right grease is not complicated, but you do need to make sure that your types of grease are compatible, specifically wheel bearing grease. The third portion is the fluid, which can be selected from mineral oils, various types of synthetics, polyglycols or a never. I shot a bunch of expensive marinestyle grease into the bearing buddies on my bassboat trailer last fall. Every tool requires the correct lubrication to protect its moving parts.
Sep 01, 2009 p art i of this article provided a basic introduction to grease, with discussions of composition, types, properties and evaluation tests. The most commonly used types of grease in the automotive world is multipurpose. Lithium soap greasesthe most common worldwidewere introduced in the early 1940s. Because of thiis, it had to evolve from plain grease to more specialized greases for some of todays applications. Knowledge of the difference between ap grease, mp grease and ep grease can make or break your greaseable lubrication efforts. In the water sprayoff test, competitive greases lost almost six times more grease. A thin layer or small pools of separated oil on top of the grease in a newly opened container is acceptable. Mineral oil comes from crude oil and the quality depends on the refining process. Dec 20, 2017 finding the right grease is not complicated, but you do need to make sure that your types of grease are compatible, specifically wheel bearing grease.
It was recommended to me by a marine mechanic as the best product for my trailer. Grease generally consists of a soap emulsified with mineral or vegetable oil. Greases explained in nontechnical terms to help you make the right decision about the best grease for your needs. For normal use, we recommend greasing the system approximately every 100 km of travel distance 3 to 6 months. The nlgi consistency number sometimes called nlgi grade expresses a measure of the relative hardness of a grease used for lubrication, as specified by the standard classification of lubricating grease established by the national lubricating grease institute nlgi. In this case the viscosity brackets for the higher viscosity grades are measured at 100 c. Types of greases and their use maints tech sales and service. Many modern greases are suitable for high speeds with some rated at 1 million dn or more. Viscosity classifications industrial lubricant cassifications iso international standards organisation viscosity classification the iso viscosity classification uses mm2s cst units and relates to viscosity at 40oc. Where relocation is impractible, protect combustibles with flameproofed covers. The characteristics and uses of each type will be detailed in chapter four. Lithium soap grease is the most widely used multipurpose grease, from general industrial uses to automobiles, bearings and home electric products. For bearings, speed factor and operating temperature can be used to determine the best consistency or nlgi grade for a given application.
The nine currently recognized nlgi grades of grease and the penetration specifications for them are shown in the following chart. Common grease types and characteristics aluminum complex grease has good high temperature characteristics, with a dropping point approximately 500f, excellent water tolerance, good shear stability, and responds very well to additive treatments that enhance performance capabilities, such as oxidation and rust inhibition. The main use for this stuff is chassis components, where heat is not an issue. Table iii denotes general guidelines for grease selection based on bearing speed. A wide variety of pile types, height, and configurations is available. Detailed information on types of bearing lubrication.
It is formulated to withstand the high temperatures experienced in the rotary kilns mechanical seals yet. Grease viscosity and nlgi number grades the ability of any particular grease to be handled by grease pumps, grease dispensers, and other components in a automated greasing system depends on the grease viscosity thickness. An alternative to these paper grades is imitation greaseproof, where fluorochemicals are used as coating material on papers with a more open structure than greaseproof paper to achieve grease resistance, giatti, 1996. How to identify different types of grease lubrication. Understanding nlgi grades can be a bit daunting to the average person. It consists of mineral or synthetic oil and lithium stearate or lithium salt, a hardened fatty acid derived from castor oil. There are different formulations of greases explained here a general guide to the different types of greases available and when and where to use them. How to determine grease compatibility and why its important. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The wide range of tools available includes those from easytouse application driven tables to advanced software allowing for grease selection based upon detailed working conditions. The dirt cannot reach the lubricating point, ensuring longterm lubrication. This type of grease is typically made from calcium sulfonate. The automotive and petroleum industries in cooperation with the american society of testing and materials astm, society of automotive engineers sae and the american petroleum institute api have developed a.
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